State profile · AL

Alabama Public Schools

Every public school, district, and the headline NCES measures for Alabama — 149 districts, drawn straight from federal records.

1,369
Schools
746,604
Students
17.8:1
Avg ratio
58.8%
Free lunch

The state in one line

Alabama runs 1,369 public schools across 149 districts, with a 17.8:1 average classroom and 58.8% of students on subsidized lunch.

1,369
public schools
149
school districts
17.8:1
avg student–teacher
58.8%
free/reduced lunch

What the NCES Data Says About Alabama Schools

Alabama operates 1,369 public K-12 schools organised into 149 independent school districts serving 746,604 students, per the National Center for Education Statistics Common Core of Data 2024-25. The largest district, Mobile County, enrolls 51,979 pupils across 92 schools at $12,163 per student, while smaller rural districts can run fewer than a dozen campuses. This fragmentation — inherited from century-old township governance patterns in many states — is why per-pupil spending, class sizes, and programme availability vary dramatically inside a single state boundary.

Statewide, the average student-teacher ratio is 17.8:1, a useful benchmark for comparing any individual district or school on PlainSchools. Free-lunch eligibility averages 58.8% across Alabama public schools, a federal indicator of economic need that drives Title I funding allocations. The district table below is sortable by enrollment, school count, and per-pupil expenditure — the three fields that best predict a district's financial and demographic profile. For schools specifically, use the rankings links above to view per-category leaderboards covering spending, class size, best schools by composite quality score, chronic absenteeism, and funding-equity distribution within the state.

Every district figure here pulls from two distinct federal surveys: enrollment and demographic data come from the NCES Common Core of Data 2024-25 (school membership and directory), while per-pupil spending, teacher salaries, and federal/state/local revenue shares originate in the NCES F-33 School District Finance Survey (typically FY 2021-22). Civil-rights indicators — gifted enrollment, AP course counts, counselor staffing, chronic absenteeism, in- and out-of-school suspensions — come from the 2021-22 Civil Rights Data Collection. Cross-referencing these three sources is what lets PlainSchools produce composite scores and equity rankings that single-source tools cannot.

Alabama's average class size vs. every US state

Average students per teacher, state by state (lower means smaller classes)

18 smaller classes than 18% of 51 US states

11–12: 7 US states (14%). Below this entry. 12–13: 4 US states (8%). Below this entry. 13–14: 8 US states (16%). Below this entry. 14–15: 10 US states (20%). Below this entry. 15–16: 5 US states (10%). Below this entry. 16–17: 4 US states (8%). Below this entry. 17–18: 4 US states (8%). This entry sits in this band. 18–19: 5 US states (10%). Above this entry. 20–21: 1 US states (2%). Above this entry. 21–22: 1 US states (2%). Above this entry. 22–23: 1 US states (2%). Above this entry. 23–24: 1 US states (2%). Above this entry. This state 11 24 every US state, by average class size, bucketed by value

Each bar is a band; taller bars hold more US states. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count, share, and where it sits relative to this entry.

Source U.S. Department of Education — NCES Common Core of Data · 2024-25

Or browse all Alabama schools

Federal data — no proprietary formula. PlainSchools publishes the actual federal survey data — enrollment, staffing, finance, and demographics from NCES — without a composite rating on top. The insights below are computed directly from those datasets; every number traces to a cited source.

Alabama per-pupil spending varies 2.7× across districts

Per-pupil spending in Alabama ranges from $7,675 (lowest district) to $20,753 (highest), a spread of $13,078. That relatively narrow ratio reflects an unusually equalised funding system — most states have wider gaps. High-spending districts typically draw on higher property tax bases, a structural feature of state education finance under the federal Title I framework that sets the floor but not the ceiling.

Source: NCES F-33 School District Finance Survey Local Education Agency Finance Survey (F-33) · FY 2021-22

Alabama has higher-than-average Title I eligibility — 58.8% of students qualify for free or reduced-price lunch

Free-lunch eligibility is the federal threshold for Title I funding allocations under the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA, 2015), which replaced No Child Left Behind in defining how the federal government distributes K-12 supplemental funding. Districts above 75% eligibility receive concentration grants on top of the basic Title I formula. States with majority eligibility typically draw a substantially larger federal funding share relative to their local property tax base, which can either offset spending gaps or reinforce them depending on state allocation policy.

Source: ESSA Title I Part A; ED EDFacts file system Free and Reduced-Price Lunch Eligibility · 2024-25

Average Alabama student-teacher ratio is 17.8:1 — near the U.S. average of approximately 16:1

Student-teacher ratio is the simplest staffing metric reported on NCES Common Core of Data, but it does not capture push-in specialists, intervention staff, English Language Learner aides, special education co-teachers, or counseling and support staff. Variation between districts within the state is wider than the state-average figure suggests — large urban districts may run 20:1 while small rural districts run 10:1, both inside the same average. Class-load comparisons are most meaningful at the district or school level, not the state aggregate.

Source: NCES Common Core of Data — Public School Universe School-level enrollment and staffing · 2024-25

Largest districts in Alabama

By total K-12 enrollment — NCES Common Core 2024-25

Top district = 7% of enrollment
Mobile County51,979Jefferson County35,951Baldwin County31,517Montgomery County26,821Huntsville City23,776Shelby County21,179Birmingham City21,130Madison County20,551Tuscaloosa County19,377Limestone County15,887
# District Enrollment
1 Mobile County Mobile 51,979
2 Jefferson County Birmingham 35,951
3 Baldwin County Bay Minette 31,517
4 Montgomery County Montgomery 26,821
5 Huntsville City Huntsville 23,776
6 Shelby County Columbiana 21,179
7 Birmingham City Birmingham 21,130
8 Madison County Huntsville 20,551
9 Tuscaloosa County Tuscaloosa 19,377
10 Limestone County Athens 15,887
11 Hoover City Hoover 13,557
12 Madison City Madison 12,473
13 Elmore County Wetumpka 11,971
14 Tuscaloosa City Tuscaloosa 11,186
15 Cullman County Cullman 9,846
16 St Clair County Ashville 9,747
17 Auburn City Auburn 9,492
18 Lee County Opelika 9,312
19 Autauga County Prattville 9,202
20 Decatur City Decatur 8,745
21 Dekalb County Rainsville 8,717
22 Etowah County Gadsden 8,702
23 Dothan City Dothan 8,254
24 Lauderdale County Florence 8,080
25 Calhoun County Anniston 8,050
26 Chilton County Clanton 7,858
27 Blount County Oneonta 7,798
28 Morgan County Decatur 7,691
29 Phenix City Phenix City 7,218
30 Talladega County Talladega 7,204
31 Walker County Jasper 7,188
32 Vestavia Hills City Vestavia Hills 7,069
33 Houston County Dothan 6,883
34 Enterprise City Enterprise 6,651
35 Alabaster City Alabaster 6,425
36 Eufaula City Eufaula 6,289
37 Marshall County Guntersville 5,951
38 Albertville City Albertville 5,900
39 Jackson County Scottsboro 5,200
40 Trussville City Trussville 5,065
41 Opelika City Opelika 5,048
42 Gadsden City Gadsden 4,939
43 Athens City Athens 4,840
44 Lawrence County Moulton 4,698
45 Florence City Florence 4,645
46 Mountain Brook City Mountain Brook 4,409
47 Homewood City Homewood 4,371
48 Escambia County Brewton 4,208
49 Oxford City Oxford 4,203
50 Pell City Pell City 4,157
51 Cherokee County Centre 3,886
52 Russell County Phenix City 3,695
53 Hartselle City Hartselle 3,638
54 Franklin County Russellville 3,637
55 Fort Payne City Fort Payne 3,515
56 Pelham City Pelham 3,425
57 Saraland City Saraland 3,354
58 Marion County Hamilton 3,329
59 Dale County Ozark 3,270
60 Bessemer City Bessemer 3,246
61 Cullman City Cullman 3,226
62 Chambers County Lafayette 3,158
63 Bibb County Centreville 3,098
64 Monroe County Monroeville 3,077
65 Covington County Andalusia 3,040
66 Butler County Greenville 2,900
67 Alexander City Alexander City 2,899
68 Muscle Shoals City Muscle Shoals 2,896
69 Coffee County Elba 2,846
70 Tallapoosa County Dadeville 2,791
71 Geneva County Geneva 2,784
72 Jasper City Jasper 2,770
73 Pike Road City Montgomery 2,695
74 Chickasaw City Chickasaw 2,654
75 Arab City Arab 2,653
76 Colbert County Tuscumbia 2,621
77 Russellville City Russellville 2,614
78 Selma City Selma 2,587
79 Henry County Abbeville 2,530
80 Washington County Chatom 2,530
81 Cleburne County Heflin 2,507
82 Dallas County Selma 2,488
83 Boaz City Boaz 2,471
84 Gulf Shores City Gulf Shores 2,450
85 Scottsboro City Scottsboro 2,416
86 Pickens County Carrollton 2,373
87 Hale County Greensboro 2,318
88 Winston County Double Springs 2,302
89 Crenshaw County Luverne 2,240
90 Leeds City Leeds 2,223
91 Lamar County Vernon 2,201
92 Clarke County Grove Hill 2,171
93 Fayette County Fayette 2,163
94 Pike County Troy 2,155
95 Sylacauga City Sylacauga 2,125
96 Randolph County Wedowee 2,090
97 Demopolis City Demopolis 2,064
98 Ozark City Ozark 2,054
99 Anniston City Anniston 1,892
100 Andalusia City Andalusia 1,871

Showing top 100 of 149 districts by enrollment.

Source: NCES Common Core of Data As of 2024-25 Local Education Agency Universe Federal universe survey of all U.S. school districts

Largest Schools in Alabama

Other States

Side-by-side: Compare Mobile County vs Jefferson County → · Compare any two districts

Data sourced from NCES Common Core of Data (CCD) 2024-25, NCES F-33 School District Finance Survey, and Civil Rights Data Collection (CRDC) 2021-22.

Using the Alabama data

Alabama's 1,369 schools sit inside 149 districts — compare at the district level first.

  • District boundaries decide enrollment: shortlist 2-3 districts on spending, ratio, and size before comparing individual schools. Compare districts
  • Check how Alabama distributes money across its districts — funding equity varies more within states than between them. Funding equity
  • Verify any school's federal record (enrollment, staffing, CRDC flags) before a visit or enrollment decision. Look up a school

Figures are the federal record (CCD 2024-25, F-33 FY 2021-22, CRDC 2021-22) — they lag the current school year and describe reported data, not school quality. PlainSchools does not rate or rank schools.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many public schools are in Alabama?

Alabama has 1,369 public schools across 149 school districts, serving 746,604 students.

What is the average student-teacher ratio in Alabama?

The average student-teacher ratio in Alabama public schools is 17.8:1. This varies by district — use the district table below to compare.

What percentage of Alabama students qualify for free lunch?

58.8% of students in Alabama qualify for free or reduced-price lunch, an indicator of economic need used for Title I funding.

What is the largest school district in Alabama?

The largest school district in Alabama is Mobile County with 51,979 students across 92 schools.

Top schools in Alabama by enrollment

Largest K-12 public schools by total students enrolled

students

What this shows The largest public schools in Alabama by enrollment — often statewide virtual academies or large consolidated campuses, so size here reflects reach, not quality.

Source NCES Common Core of Data (CCD) As of 2024-25

Source: National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) Common Core of Data (CCD) — Public school universe · 2023-2024 Public K-12 school enrollment, demographics, and operational data; collected annually by NCES from state education agencies.