Harlan County

Every figure on PlainSchools is rendered directly from the source NCES, CRDC and F-33 federal records, no number is typed in by an editor. District totals are aggregated directly from the schools reporting under this district in the source records. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or report a data error. Data current as of June 2026.

Harlan, Kentucky - 9 schools

An equity score of 83/100 ranks Harlan County #12 of 171 districts in Kentucky (state average 50). Derived live from how evenly resources are distributed across the district's schools.

At $13,772 per pupil, Harlan County ranks #48 of 171 Kentucky districts by per-pupil spending (Kentucky districts). NCES F-33 finance data.

3,459
Total Enrollment
9
Schools
$13,772
Per-Pupil Spending
Combined, High
School Types

District-Level NCES Analysis

Harlan County operates 9 public schools serving 3,459 students, placing it among the smaller districts in Kentucky. The school portfolio breaks down into 7 combined, 1 high, 1 elementary schools, a compact enough portfolio that families can compare every campus directly before they move, rent, or enrol. These enrollment and school figures come from the NCES Common Core of Data (CCD) 2024-25 release, and the district is based in Harlan County.

Per-pupil expenditure runs $13,772 according to the NCES F-33 School District Finance Survey, in the upper half of 171 Kentucky districts by per-pupil spending. See how Kentucky compares in our national per-pupil spending analysis. The funding mix is 12.7% local, 60.1% state, and 27.2% federal, a state-revenue-heavy mix that insulates the district somewhat from local property-tax volatility, though it ties funding to state budget cycles. The district's equity score is 83/100, ranked #12 of 171 in Kentucky against a state average of 50, notably more even than the typical district in the state for how evenly funding reaches its schools.

a 304:1 student-counselor ratio, somewhat above the 250:1 ASCA recommendation, and 39.4% chronic absenteeism from the 2021-22 Civil Rights Data Collection. Demographically, the student body averages 94.8% White, 2.2% Hispanic or Latino, 1.1% African American across the district's schools. Its most demographically mixed campus is Cumberland Elementary School, with a diversity index of 20.4/100.

Its largest campus is Harlan County High School, enrolling 945 students (29% of the district's total enrollment). Its smallest is Green Hills Elementary School, at 147 students, a 6x enrollment spread across the district's campuses.

Harlan County High School accounts for 27.3% of all Harlan County student enrollment

That dominant concentration means Harlan County-wide averages can mask substantial variation outside the dominant entity. Grade band: high. A single dominant campus often anchors a district's program offerings and staffing patterns; the share helps explain why district-wide averages may not reflect the typical neighbourhood-school experience. When one entity dominates a region's footprint, its programmatic and budget decisions effectively set policy for a majority of the affected population.

Source: NCES Common Core of Data NCES Common Core of Data

Harlan County school enrollment varies 6.4× across entities

Harlan County school enrollment ranges from 147 students (lowest) to 945 students (highest), a spread of 798 students. That relatively narrow ratio reflects an unusually homogeneous campus portfolio, most districts have a wider mix of school sizes. Per-school staffing ratios, programme availability, and capital-renovation cycles often diverge inside the same district based on enrollment shape.

Source: NCES Common Core of Data NCES Common Core of Data

Harlan County has higher-than-average Title I eligibility — 81.9% of the population qualifies for free or reduced-price lunch

free or reduced-price lunch eligibility is the federal threshold for Title I funding allocations, established under the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA, 2015). Areas above 75% eligibility — including this one — receive concentration grants on top of the basic Title I formula. Regions with eligibility this high typically draw a substantially larger federal funding share relative to their local tax base, which can either offset or reinforce existing gaps depending on allocation policy.

Source: ESSA Title I Part A; ED EDFacts file system ESSA Title I Part A; ED EDFacts file system

Harlan County student-counselor ratio is 304:1 — near the typical range (US average ~408) — within the typical range for U.S. public districts

student-counselor ratio is the simplest comparative metric but it does not capture the full picture: the ratio counts FTE counselors against total enrollment, districts that contract intervention or social-emotional staff outside the counselor classification may be under-counted Variation between sub-units within Harlan County is typically wider than the Harlan County-aggregate figure suggests.

Source: NCES Civil Rights Data Collection NCES Civil Rights Data Collection

Harlan County chronic absenteeism rate is 39.4% — high (typically associated with higher-than-average disruption; recent CRDC data showed elevated rates persisting after pandemic-era schooling changes)

chronic absenteeism rate is the simplest comparative metric but it does not capture the full picture: a student is chronically absent if they miss ≥10% of enrolled days for any reason, illness, family obligations, or disengagement Higher values may reflect larger urban scale or recent resource constraints that have widened the gap.

Source: NCES Civil Rights Data Collection 2021-22 NCES Civil Rights Data Collection 2021-22

Where does the funding come from?

27.2%
Federal
60.1%
State
12.7%
Local

Funding Equity

83
Equity Score
12 / 171
State Rank
50
State Average

This district scores well on funding equity, with balanced funding sources and good resource allocation.

Student Demographics

Average demographic composition across 9 schools in Harlan County.

White 94.8%
Hispanic or Latino 2.2%
African American 1.1%
Multiracial 1.6%

Source: NCES CCD School Membership 2024-25.

Student-body diversity

Average diversity index 9.8/100

Average Simpson diversity index across Harlan County's schools, below the Kentucky average of 34.5.

Most mixed schools

  1. 1 Cumberland Elementary School 20.4
  2. 2 Green Hills Elementary School 18.5
  3. 3 Harlan County High School 11.3
  4. 4 Black Mountain Elementary School 9.3
  5. 5 Evarts Elementary School 8.7

Programs & Resources

304:1
Student-Counselor Ratio
39.4%
Chronically Absent

Source: NCES Civil Rights Data Collection (CRDC) 2021-22.

Schools in Harlan County

School Enrollment
Harlan County High School
945
Cumberland Elementary School
428
Rosspoint Elementary School
369
Wallins Elementary School
352
Evarts Elementary School
335
James a. Cawood Elementary
277
Black Mountain Elementary School
248
Cawood Elementary School
209
Green Hills Elementary School
147

How Harlan County Compares to Similar-Size Districts

The Kentucky districts closest to this one in total enrollment.

District Enrollment Spending Funding Mix
Grant County Similar size Similar spending Similar funding mix
Logan County Similar size Similar spending Similar funding mix
Rowan County Similar size Similar spending More locally funded
Lincoln County Similar size Similar spending Similar funding mix
Spencer County Similar size Lower spending More locally funded

Comparisons are relative to Harlan County's own figures; each column derives from NCES Common Core of Data and the F-33 Finance Survey.

Nearby Districts in Kentucky

Top districts in the same state, compare side-by-side for enrollment, spending, and demographics.

Jefferson County
95,230 students · 168 schools · $17,376/pupil
Compare vs Harlan County →
Fayette County
41,422 students · 80 schools · $15,849/pupil
Compare vs Harlan County →
Boone County
20,200 students · 28 schools · $12,899/pupil
Compare vs Harlan County →
Warren County
17,799 students · 34 schools · $11,423/pupil
Compare vs Harlan County →
Hardin County
14,675 students · 26 schools · $11,904/pupil
Compare vs Harlan County →

Compare Harlan County

See how this district compares to others in enrollment, spending, demographics, and academic resources.

Compare vs Jefferson County →

Frequently Asked Questions

How many schools are in Harlan County?

Harlan County has 9 schools, including 1 high, 7 combined, 1 elementary. Total enrollment is 3,459 students.

How much does Harlan County spend per student?

Harlan County spends $13,772 per student. The district has an equity score of 83/100, ranking #12 in Kentucky.

What is the demographic composition of Harlan County?

Harlan County students are 94.8% White, 2.2% Hispanic or Latino, 1.1% African American, 0.2% Asian, averaged across 9 schools. Source: NCES CCD Membership 2024-25.

What is the equity score for Harlan County?

Harlan County has an equity score of 83/100, ranking #12 out of 171 districts in Kentucky.