Harding County School District 31-1

Every figure on PlainSchools is rendered directly from the source NCES, CRDC and F-33 federal records, no number is typed in by an editor. District totals are aggregated directly from the schools reporting under this district in the source records. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or report a data error. Data current as of June 2026.

Buffalo, South Dakota - 5 schools

An equity score of 69/100 ranks Harding County School District 31-1 #25 of 121 districts in South Dakota (state average 51). Derived live from how evenly resources are distributed across the district's schools.

At $17,270 per pupil, Harding County School District 31-1 ranks #21 of 149 South Dakota districts by per-pupil spending (South Dakota districts). NCES F-33 finance data.

224
Total Enrollment
5
Schools
$17,270
Per-Pupil Spending
Elementary, High
School Types

District-Level NCES Analysis

Harding County School District 31-1 operates 5 public schools serving 224 students, placing it among the smallest districts in South Dakota. The school portfolio breaks down into 3 elementary, 1 high, 1 middle schools, a small enough portfolio that most families will interact with nearly every campus in the district at some point. These enrollment and school figures come from the NCES Common Core of Data (CCD) 2024-25 release, and the district is based in Harding County.

Per-pupil expenditure runs $17,270 according to the NCES F-33 School District Finance Survey, in the upper half of 149 South Dakota districts by per-pupil spending. See how South Dakota compares in our national per-pupil spending analysis. The funding mix is 66.6% local, 18.4% state, and 15.0% federal, a local-revenue-heavy mix that leaves the district more exposed to property-tax swings and local ballot measures than state-funded peers. The district's equity score is 69/100, ranked #25 of 121 in South Dakota against a state average of 51, notably more even than the typical district in the state for how evenly funding reaches its schools.

Academic infrastructure includes 1 of 5 schools offering Advanced Placement (4 AP courses district-wide), a 73:1 student-counselor ratio, that meets the ASCA-recommended benchmark, and 16.4% chronic absenteeism from the 2021-22 Civil Rights Data Collection. Demographically, the student body averages 97.8% White, 0.3% Hispanic or Latino across the district's schools. Its most demographically mixed campus is Buffalo Elementary - 02, with a diversity index of 9.6/100.

Its largest campus is Buffalo Elementary - 02, enrolling 101 students (42% of the district's total enrollment). Its smallest is Camp Crook Elementary - 08, at 8 students, a 13x enrollment spread across the district's campuses.

Buffalo Elementary - 02 accounts for 41.6% of all Harding County School District 31-1 student enrollment

That dominant concentration means Harding County School District 31-1-wide averages can mask substantial variation outside the dominant entity. Grade band: elementary. A single dominant campus often anchors a district's program offerings and staffing patterns; the share helps explain why district-wide averages may not reflect the typical neighbourhood-school experience. When one entity dominates a region's footprint, its programmatic and budget decisions effectively set policy for a majority of the affected population.

Source: NCES Common Core of Data NCES Common Core of Data

Harding County School District 31-1 school enrollment varies 13× across entities

Harding County School District 31-1 school enrollment ranges from 8 students (lowest) to 101 students (highest), a spread of 93 students. That spread reflects typical mixed-portfolio variation between specialty programs and large neighbourhood schools. Per-school staffing ratios, programme availability, and capital-renovation cycles often diverge inside the same district based on enrollment shape.

Source: NCES Common Core of Data NCES Common Core of Data

Harding County School District 31-1 student-counselor ratio is 73:1 — well below typical (typically associated with unusually small scale or exceptionally high per-unit investment)

student-counselor ratio is the simplest comparative metric but it does not capture the full picture: the ratio counts FTE counselors against total enrollment, districts that contract intervention or social-emotional staff outside the counselor classification may be under-counted Values this far below typical often correlate with unusually small scale or population characteristics rather than higher resource budgets per se — worth checking whether the underlying denominator is itself an outlier.

Source: NCES Civil Rights Data Collection NCES Civil Rights Data Collection

Harding County School District 31-1 chronic absenteeism rate is 16.4% — near the typical range (US average ~28) — aligned with the national post-pandemic baseline of roughly 28% chronic absenteeism

chronic absenteeism rate is the simplest comparative metric but it does not capture the full picture: a student is chronically absent if they miss ≥10% of enrolled days for any reason, illness, family obligations, or disengagement Variation between sub-units within Harding County School District 31-1 is typically wider than the Harding County School District 31-1-aggregate figure suggests.

Source: NCES Civil Rights Data Collection 2021-22 NCES Civil Rights Data Collection 2021-22

Where does the funding come from?

15.0%
Federal
18.4%
State
66.6%
Local

Funding Equity

69
Equity Score
25 / 121
State Rank
51
State Average

This district has moderate funding equity. There may be room to improve funding diversity or resource allocation.

Student Demographics

Average demographic composition across 5 schools in Harding County School District 31-1.

White 97.8%
Multiracial 1.5%

Source: NCES CCD School Membership 2024-25.

Student-body diversity

Average diversity index 4.2/100

Average Simpson diversity index across Harding County School District 31-1's schools, below the South Dakota average of 27.6.

Most mixed schools

  1. 1 Buffalo Elementary - 02 9.6
  2. 2 Harding County High School - 01 3.0
  3. 3 Harding County Middle School - 03 0.0

Programs & Resources

1 / 5
Schools with AP
4 AP courses total
73:1
Student-Counselor Ratio
16.4%
Chronically Absent

Source: NCES Civil Rights Data Collection (CRDC) 2021-22.

Schools in Harding County School District 31-1

School Enrollment
Buffalo Elementary - 02
101
Harding County High School - 01
66
Harding County Middle School - 03
60
Ludlow Elementary - 06
8
Camp Crook Elementary - 08
8

How Harding County School District 31-1 Compares to Similar-Size Districts

The South Dakota districts closest to this one in total enrollment.

District Enrollment Spending Funding Mix
Avon School District 04-1 Similar size Lower spending Less locally funded
Wilmot School District 54-7 Similar size Lower spending Less locally funded
Highmore-Harrold 34-2 Similar size Lower spending Similar funding mix
Armour School District 21-1 Similar size Lower spending Less locally funded
Agar-Blunt-Onida School District 58-3 Similar size Similar spending More locally funded

Comparisons are relative to Harding County School District 31-1's own figures; each column derives from NCES Common Core of Data and the F-33 Finance Survey.

Nearby Districts in South Dakota

Top districts in the same state, compare side-by-side for enrollment, spending, and demographics.

Compare Harding County School District 31-1

See how this district compares to others in enrollment, spending, demographics, and academic resources.

Compare vs Sioux Falls School District 49-5 →

Frequently Asked Questions

How many schools are in Harding County School District 31-1?

Harding County School District 31-1 has 5 schools, including 3 elementary, 1 high, 1 middle. Total enrollment is 224 students.

How much does Harding County School District 31-1 spend per student?

Harding County School District 31-1 spends $17,270 per student. The district has an equity score of 69/100, ranking #25 in South Dakota.

What is the demographic composition of Harding County School District 31-1?

Harding County School District 31-1 students are 97.8% White, 0.3% Hispanic or Latino, averaged across 5 schools. Source: NCES CCD Membership 2024-25.

What is the equity score for Harding County School District 31-1?

Harding County School District 31-1 has an equity score of 69/100, ranking #25 out of 121 districts in South Dakota.